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Policies and programs that were key to stunting decline focused on promoting rural agriculture to improve food security; decentralization of the health system, incorporating health extension workers to improve rural access to health services and reduce open defecation; multisectoral poverty reduction strategies; and a commitment to improving girls’ education. NSC 663284 molecular weight Interviews with national and regional stakeholders and mothers in communities presented improvements in health service access, women and girls’ education, improved agricultural production, and improved sanitation and child care practices as drivers of stunting reduction.

Ethiopia’s stunting decline was driven by both nutrition-specific and -sensitive sectors, with particular focus on the agriculture sector, health care access, sanitation, and education.

Ethiopia’s stunting decline was driven by both nutrition-specific and -sensitive sectors, with particular focus on the agriculture sector, health care access, sanitation, and education.This paper proposes a representation framework for encoding spatial language in radiology based on frame semantics. The framework is adopted from the existing SpatialNet representation in the general domain with the aim to generate more accurate representations of spatial language used by radiologists. We describe Rad-SpatialNet in detail along with illustrating the importance of incorporating domain knowledge in understanding the varied linguistic expressions involved in different radiological spatial relations. This work also constructs a corpus of 400 radiology reports of three examination types (chest X-rays, brain MRIs, and babygrams) annotated with fine-grained contextual information according to this schema. Spatial trigger expressions and elements corresponding to a spatial frame are annotated. We apply BERT-based models (BERTBASE and BERTLARGE) to first extract the trigger terms (lexical units for a spatial frame) and then to identify the related frame elements. The results of BERTLARGE are decent, with F1 of 77.89 for spatial trigger extraction and an overall F1 of 81.61 and 66.25 across all frame elements using gold and predicted spatial triggers respectively. This frame-based resource can be used to develop and evaluate more advanced natural language processing (NLP) methods for extracting fine-grained spatial information from radiology text in the future.

The current AAP clinical practice guidelines for the management of pediatric obesity recommend a structured, comprehensive, multi-disciplinary clinical intervention. However, there is a gap in the current literature on standardized curriculums for implementation of such programs. The objective of the present study is to adapt an evidenced-based, family- centered, weekly, weight management curriculum that addresses nutritional, physical activity and behavioral topics for a clinical care model at a tertiary care children’s hospital.

The curriculum was adapted for use in six individual sessions offered monthly by a multidisciplinary team, including a health educator, physician, dietitian, physical therapist and psychologist. Each provider offered specific feedback and curriculum adaptation based on their specialty. All team members completed training with scheduled treatment fidelity monitoring during implementation. To evaluate the effectiveness of the adapted curriculum, 60 adolescents, ages 14-18 years, with overweight or obesity, and at least one family member, will complete the six month intervention. The primary outcome is mean change in zBMI and %BMIp95 at six month and 18 months. Secondary outcomes include retention, satisfaction, effect on metabolic factors and activity level.

There is a paucity of literature on utilizing a standard curriculum in clinical weight management programs. Drawing from evidenced-based curriculum to strengthen clinical care creates an opportunity to improve existing clinical programs and potentially increase access and implementation of the current treatment recommendations for this high risk population.

There is a paucity of literature on utilizing a standard curriculum in clinical weight management programs. Drawing from evidenced-based curriculum to strengthen clinical care creates an opportunity to improve existing clinical programs and potentially increase access and implementation of the current treatment recommendations for this high risk population.

Severe COVID-19 has a high mortality rate. Comprehensive pathological descriptions of COVID-19 are scarce and limited in scope. We aimed to describe the histopathological findings and viral tropism in patients who died of severe COVID-19.

In this case series, patients were considered eligible if they were older than 18 years, with premortem diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection and COVID-19 listed clinically as the direct cause of death. Between March 1 and April 30, 2020, full post-mortem examinations were done on nine patients with confirmed COVID-19, including sampling of all major organs. A limited autopsy was done on one additional patient. Histochemical and immunohistochemical analyses were done, and histopathological findings were reported by subspecialist pathologists. Viral quantitative RT-PCR analysis was done on tissue samples from a subset of patients.

The median age at death of our cohort of ten patients was 73 years (IQR 52-79). Thrombotic features were obse patients.

Our series supports clinical data showing that the four dominant interrelated pathological processes in severe COVID-19 are diffuse alveolar damage, thrombosis, haemophagocytosis, and immune cell depletion. Additionally, we report here several novel autopsy findings including pancreatitis, pericarditis, adrenal micro-infarction, secondary disseminated mucormycosis, and brain microglial activation, which require additional investigation to understand their role in COVID-19.

Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council.

Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council.