Activity

This study aimed to determine and compare the accuracy of different activity monitors in assessing intermittent outdoor walking in both healthy and clinical populations through the development and validation of processing methodologies.

In study 1, an automated algorithm was implemented and tested for the detection of short (≤1 min) walking and stopping bouts during prescribed walking protocols performed by healthy subjects in environments with low and high levels of obstruction. The following parameters obtained from activity monitors were tested, with different recording epochs0.1s/0.033s/1s/3s/10s and wearing locationsscapula/hip/wrist/ankle GlobalSat DG100 (GS) and Qstarz BT-Q1000XT/-Q1000eX (QS) speed; ActiGraph wGT3X+ (AG) vector magnitude (VM) raw data, VM counts, and steps; and StepWatch3 (SW) steps. Furthermore, linear mixed models were developed to estimate walking speeds and distances from the monitors parameters. Study 2 validated the performance of the activity monitors and processing methodog intermittent outdoor walking in both healthy and clinical populations.

The objective of this study was to develop and validate a questionnaire to better understand barriers and facilitators to physical activity among low income, Hispanic youth.

Low income Hispanic middle and high school students were recruited to participate in this study from a public charter school district in Houston, TX. Questionnaire development and psychometric validation included scale development and question pretesting, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), construct validity, and test-retest reliability of the scales.

EFA resulted in three subscales for the barriers to youth physical activity (BYPA) scale competing interests; environmental interests; and social barriers. CFA suggested that this 3-factor model fit data adequately after removing two items that had high loading on all three factors. The BYPA subscales were internally consistent and stable. All three BYPA subscale scores were negatively correlated with self-reported physical activity. EFA for the facithe potential to assist future efforts in designing physical activity interventions to better address disparities in physical activity levels among this population.

To determine whether a fasciectomy for recurrent chronic exertional compartment syndrome of the anterior leg (ant-CECS) after a minimally invasive fasciotomy is safe and beneficial.

Demographics and clinical course of patients undergoing a fasciectomy for ongoing exercise related anterolateral leg pain (ERLP) after an earlier minimally invasive fasciotomy for ant-CECS were prospectively obtained using questionnaires. Patient-reported severity and frequency of pain, tightness, weakness, cramping, and paresthesia in rest and during exercise were scored before and after surgery. A successful outcome was defined as a self-reported good or excellent result.

Between January 2013 and March 2019, 24 of the 958 patients evaluated for ERLP were included in the study (15 females, median age 24 years, range 14-37). Intracompartmental pressure values before the minimally invasive fasciotomy and before the fasciectomy were not different. Perioperative findings were fibrotic bands, pseudofascias or complete fusions of fascial edges. Postoperative superficial wound infections requiring oral antibiotics occurred in four legs. After rehabilitation, the total symptom scores during exercise and resting conditions decreased threefold compared to preoperatively (exercise 55±5 to 17±3, p<0.001; rest 30±4 to 10±2, p<0.001). All cardinal symptoms decreased significantly, but the largest improvements were reported for pain and tightness. At follow up (median 12 months, range 2-65 months), 79% of patients reported a successful outcome whereas 75% had returned to physical activity.

An anterior fasciectomy with associated treatment of correlated pathologies can be safe and beneficial in patients with ongoing ERLP who previously underwent a minimally invasive fasciotomy for ant-CECS.

An anterior fasciectomy with associated treatment of correlated pathologies can be safe and beneficial in patients with ongoing ERLP who previously underwent a minimally invasive fasciotomy for ant-CECS.

The aim of this study was to investigate the indirect effects of cardiorespiratory fitness on scholastic performance through executive functions. More precisely, we examined the contribution of the different domains of executive functions, and whether this relationship was specific to certain school topics.

Children 8-12 years old completed nine cognitive tests and the multi-stage fitness test. Structural equation modeling techniques were used to analyze the role of different domains of executive functions (inhibition, working memory, cognitive flexibility and a common factor to all tasks) in the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and school grades in three domains (i) mathematics, (ii) grammar, spelling and vocabulary and (iii) text comprehension and expression. Zegocractin Covariate analyses included age and socio-economic status.

The results of this study showed that an indirect effect of the various domains of executive functions explained, in part, the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitnessrespiratory fitness on language.

These results show the role that executive functions play in understanding the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and scholastic performance. Importantly, not all executive function domains contributed equally, since cognitive flexibility played a leading role in this wide age range. Furthermore, the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and scholastic performance was strongest for mathematics and for low level language topics, but nonsignificant for higher level language topics providing a more modulated view of the impact of cardiorespiratory fitness on language.

Exercise-induced microRNAs (miRNAs) expression has been implicated in the regulation of skeletal muscle plasticity. However, the specificity and acute time course in miRNA expression following divergent exercise modes are unknown. In a randomized cross-over design, we compared the acute expression profile of eight skeletal muscle miRNAs previously reported to be involved in skeletal muscle development, growth and maintenance following a bout of either resistance exercise (RE), high intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and concurrent resistance and high intensity interval exercises (CE).

Nine untrained young men (23.9±2.8y, 70.1±14.9kg, 177.2±3.0cm, 41.4±5.2ml·kg-1·min-1) underwent a counter-balanced cross-over design in which they performed bouts of RE (2×10 repetitions maximum 45°Leg Press and Leg Extension exercises), HIEE (12×1 min sprints at VO2peak with 1min rest intervals between sprints) and CE (RE followed by HIIE), separated by one week. Vastus lateralis biopsies were harvested immediately before (Pre), and immediately (0h), 4h and 8h after each exercise bout.